American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 1994, American Psychiatric Association Press
Google Scholar
World Health Organization: International Classification of Diseases. 1990, World Health Organization Press
Google Scholar
Myin-Germeys I, Peeters F, Havermans R, Nicolson NA, DeVries MW, Delespaul P, Os JV: Emotional reactivity to daily life stress in psychosis and affective disorder: an experience sampling study. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2003, 107 (2): 124-131.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Costello CG: Depression: Loss of reinforcers or loss of reinforcer effectiveness?. Behav Ther. 1972, 3: 240-247.
Google Scholar
Akiskal HS, McKinney WT: Depressive disorders: toward a unified hypothesis. Science. 1973, 182 (107): 20-29.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Blaney PH: Contemporary theories of depression: critique and comparison. J Abnorm Psychol. 1977, 86 (3): 203-223.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nelson RE, Craighead WE: Selective recall of positive and negative feedback, self-control behaviors, and depression. J Abnorm Psychol. 1977, 86 (4): 379-388.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Henriques JB, Glowacki JM, Davidson RJ: Reward fails to alter response bias in depression. J Abnorm Psychol. 1994, 103 (3): 460-466.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Henriques JB, Davidson RJ: Decreased Responsiveness to reward in depression. Cogn Emotion. 2000, 14 (5): 711-724.
Google Scholar
Pizzagalli DA, Jahn AL, O’Shea JP: Toward an objective characterization of an anhedonic phenotype: a signal-detection approach. Biol Psychiatry. 2005, 57 (4): 319-327. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.11.026]
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Steele JD, Kumar P, Ebmeier KP: Blunted response to feedback information in depressive illness. Brain. 2007, 130 (Pt 9): 2367-2374. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awm150]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Huys QJM: Reinforcers and control. Towards a computational ætiology of depression. PhD thesis. Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit, UCL, University of London 2007, [http://www.gatsby.ucl.ac.uk/qhuys/pub.html]
Huys QJM, Vogelstein J, Dayan P, Bottou L: Psychiatry: Insights into depression through normative decision-making models. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 21. Edited by: Schuurmans D, Koller D, Bengio Y. 2009, MIT Press, 729-736.
Google Scholar
Chase HW, Frank MJ, Michael A, Bullmore ET, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW: Approach and avoidance learning in patients with major depression and healthy controls: relation to anhedonia. Psychol Med. 2010, 40 (3): 433-440. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291709990468]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chase HW, Michael A, Bullmore ET, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW: Paradoxical enhancement of choice reaction time performance in patients with major depression. J Psychopharmacol. 2010, 24 (4): 471-479. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881109104883]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Beck A, Steer R, Brown G: Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory-II. 1996, San Antonio: Psychological Corporation
Google Scholar
Watson D, Weber K, Assenheimer JS, Clark LA, Strauss ME, McCormick RA: Testing a tripartite model: I. Evaluating the convergent and discriminant validity of anxiety and depression symptom scales. J Abnorm Psychol. 1995, 104: 3-144.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Treadway MT, Zald DH: Reconsidering anhedonia in depression: lessons from translational neuroscience. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2011, 35 (3): 537-555. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.06.006]
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Papp M, Klimek V, Willner P: Parallel changes in dopamine D2 receptor binding in limbic forebrain associated with chronic mild stress-induced anhedonia and its reversal by imipramine. Psychopharmacology. 1994, 115 (4): 441-446.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ichikawa J, Meltzer HY: Effect of antidepressants on striatal and accumbens extracellular dopamine levels. Eur J Pharmacol. 1995, 281 (3): 255-261.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
D’Aquila PS, Collu M, Gessa GL, Serra G: The role of dopamine in the mechanism of action of antidepressant drugs. Eur J Pharmacol. 2000, 405 (1-3): 365-373.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Barr AM, Markou A, Phillips AG: A ‘crash’ course on psychostimulant withdrawal as a model of depression. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2002, 23 (10): 475-482.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Montague PR, Dayan P, Sejnowski TJ: A framework for mesencephalic dopamine systems based on predictive Hebbian learning. J Neurosci. 1996, 16 (5): 1936-1947.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
O’Doherty JP, Dayan P, Friston K, Critchley H, Dolan RJ: Temporal difference models and reward-related learning in the human brain. Neuron. 2003, 38 (2): 329-337.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bayer HM, Glimcher PW: Midbrain dopamine neurons encode a quantitative reward prediction error signal. Neuron. 2005, 47: 129-141. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2005.05.020]
PubMed Central
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Waelti P, Dickinson A, Schultz W: Dopamine responses comply with basic assumptions of formal learning theory. Nature. 2001, 412 (6842): 43-48. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35083500]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
D’Ardenne K, McClure SM, Nystrom LE, Cohen JD: BOLD responses reflecting dopaminergic signals in the human ventral tegmental area. Science. 2008, 319 (5867): 1264-1267. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1150605]
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kapur S, Mann JJ: Role of the dopaminergic system in depression. Biol Psychiatry. 1992, 32: 1-17. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-3223(92)90137-O]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nutt DJ: The role of dopamine and norepinephrine in depression and antidepressant treatment. J Clin Psychiatry. 2006, 67 (Suppl 6): 3-8.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nestler EJ, Carlezon WA: The mesolimbic dopamine reward circuit in depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2006, 59 (12): 1151-1159. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.09.018]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dunlop BW, Nemeroff CB: The role of dopamine in the pathophysiology of depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007, 64 (3): 327-337. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.64.3.327]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Parker G: Defining melancholia: the primacy of psychomotor disturbance. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2007, 115 (Suppl 433) (2): 21-30.
Google Scholar
Mathew SJ, Manji HK, Charney DS: Novel drugs and therapeutic targets for severe mood disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2008, 33 (9): 2080-2092. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.npp.1301652]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schlaepfer TE, Cohen MX, Frick C, Kosel M, Brodesser D, Axmacher N, Joe AY, Kreft M, Lenartz D, Sturm V: Deep brain stimulation to reward circuitry alleviates anhedonia in refractory major depression. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2008, 33 (2): 368-377. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.npp.1301408]
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bewernick BH, Hurlemann R, Matusch A, Kayser S, Grubert C, Hadrysiewicz B, Axmacher N, Lemke M, Cooper-Mahkorn D, Cohen MX, Brockmann H, Lenartz D, Sturm V, Schlaepfer TE: Nucleus accumbens deep brain stimulation decreases ratings of depression and anxiety in treatment-resistant depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2010, 67 (2): 110-116. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.09.013]
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rescorla R, Wagner A: A theory of Pavlovian conditioning: Variations in the effectiveness of reinforcement and nonreinforcement. Classical Conditioning II: Current Research and Theory. Edited by: Black AH, Prokasy WF. 1972, Appleton-Century-Crofts, 64-99.
Google Scholar
Widrow B, Hoff M: Adaptive switching circuits. WESCON Convention Report, Volume 4. 1960, Institute of, Radio Engineers, 96-104.
Google Scholar
Sutton R, Barto A, et al: Toward a modern theory of adaptive networks Expectation and prediction. Psychol Rev. 1981, 88 (2): 135-170.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sutton RS, Barto AG: Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction. 1998, Cambridge: MIT Press, [http://www.cs.ualberta.ca/~sutton/book/the-book.html]
Google Scholar
Berridge KC, Robinson TE: What is the role of dopamine in reward hedonic impact, reward learning, or incentive salience?. Brain Res Rev. 1998, 28 (3): 209-269.
Google Scholar
Smith A, Li M, Becker S, Kapur S: A model of antipsychotic action in conditioned avoidance: a computational approach. Neuropsychopharm. 2004, 29 (6): 1040-1049.
CAS
Google Scholar
Daw N: Decision Making, Affect, and Learning: Attention and Performance XXIII. Edited by: Delgado MR, Phelps EA, Robbins TW. 2009, OUP
Google Scholar
Kass R, Raftery A: Bayes factors. J Am Stat Assoc. 1995, 90 (430): 773-795.
Google Scholar
Gelman A, Carlin J, Stern H, Rubin D: Bayesian Data Analysis. 2004, Chapman and Hall/CRC Press
Google Scholar
Stephan KE, Penny WD, Daunizeau J, Moran RJ, Friston KJ: Bayesian model selection for group studies. Neuroimage. 2009, 46 (4): 1004-1017. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.03.025]
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Huys QJM, Moutoussis M, Williams J: Are computational models of any use to psychiatry?. Neural Netw. 2011, 24 (6): 544-551. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2011.03.001]
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bogdan R, Santesso DL, Fagerness J, Perlis RH, Pizzagalli DA: Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor type 1 (CRHR1) genetic variation and stress interact to influence reward learning. J Neurosci. 1324, 31 (37): 6-13254. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2661-11.2011]
Google Scholar
Pizzagalli DA, Iosifescu D, Hallett LA, Ratner KG, Fava M: Reduced hedonic capacity in major depressive disorder: evidence from a probabilistic reward task. J Psychiatr Res. 2008, 43: 76-87. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.03.001]
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dutra S, Brooks N, Lempert K, Guardado A, Goetz E, Pizzagalli D: Reward responsiveness in a remitted depressed sample: Effects of gender and trait negative affect. 23rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Research in Psychopathology. 2009, Minneapolis:
Google Scholar
Pizzagalli DA, Goetz E, Ostacher M, Iosifescu DV, Perlis RH: Euthymic patients with bipolar disorder show decreased reward learning in a probabilistic reward task. Biol Psychiatry. 2008, 64 (2): 162-168. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.12.001]
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Young RC, Biggs JT, Ziegler VE, Meyer DA: A rating scale for mania reliability, validity and sensitivity. Br J Psychiatry. 1978, 133: 429-435.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hamilton M: A rating scale for depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1960, 23: 56-62.
PubMed Central
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pizzagalli DA, Evins AE, Schetter EC, Frank MJ, Pajtas PE, Santesso DL, Culhane M: Single dose of a dopamine agonist impairs reinforcement learning in humans: behavioral evidence from a laboratory-based measure of reward responsiveness. Psychopharmacol (Berl). 2008, 196 (2): 221-232. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-007-0957-y]
CAS
Google Scholar
Bogdan R, Pizzagalli DA: Acute stress reduces reward responsiveness: implications for depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2006, 60 (10): 1147-1154. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.03.037]
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tripp G, Alsop B: Sensitivity to reward frequency in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Clin Child Psychol. 1999, 28 (3): 366-375. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15374424jccp280309]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Santesso DL, Evins AE, Frank MJ, Schetter EC, Bogdan R, Pizzagalli DA: Single dose of a dopamine agonist impairs reinforcement learning in humans: evidence from event-related potentials and computational modeling of striatal-cortical function. Hum Brain Mapp. 2009, 30 (7): 1963-1976. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.20642]
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Green DM, Swets JA, et al: Signal Detection Theory and Psychophysics, Volume 1974. 1966, New York: Wiley
Google Scholar
Huys QJM, Cools R, Gölzer M, Friedel E, Heinz A, Dolan RJ, Dayan P: Disentangling the roles of approach, activation and valence in instrumental and pavlovian responding. PLoS Comput Biol. 2011, 7 (4): e1002028-[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002028]
PubMed Central
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
MacKay DJ: Information Theory, Inference and Learning Algorithms. 2003, Cambridge: CUP
Google Scholar
Huys QJM, Eshel N, O’Nions E, Sheridan L, Dayan P, Roiser JP: Bonsai trees in your head: how the Pavlovian system sculpts goal-directed choices by pruning decision trees. PLoS Comput Biol. 2012, 8 (3): e1002410-[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002410]
PubMed Central
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Berlin I, Givry-Steiner L, Lecrubier Y, Puech AJ: Measures of anhedonia and hedonic responses to sucrose in depressive and schizophrenic patients in comparison with healthy subjects. Eur Psychiatry. 1998, 13 (6): 303-309. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0924-9338(98)80048-5]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dichter GS, Smoski MJ, Kampov-Polevoy AB, Gallop R, Garbutt JC: Unipolar depression does not moderate responses to the Sweet Taste Test. Depress Anxiety. 2010, 27 (9): 859-863. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/da.20690]
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Willner P, Towell A, Sampson D, Sophokleous S, Muscat R: Reduction of sucrose preference by chronic unpredictable mild stress, and its restoration by a tricyclic antidepressant. Psychopharmacology. 1987, 93 (3): 358-364. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187257]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bylsma LM, Morris BH, Rottenberg J: A meta-analysis of emotional reactivity in major depressive disorder. Clin Psychol Rev. 2008, 28 (4): 676-691. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2007.10.001]
PubMed
Google Scholar
Smith KS, Berridge KC: The ventral pallidum and hedonic reward neurochemical maps of sucrose “liking” and food intake. J Neurosci. 2005, 25 (38): 8637-8649.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pecina S, Berridge KC: Hedonic hot spot in nucleus accumbens shell where do mu-opioids cause increased hedonic impact of sweetness?. J Neurosci. 1177, 25 (50): 7-11786.
Google Scholar
Berridge KC: ‘Liking’ and ‘wanting’ food rewards: brain substrates and roles in eating disorders. Physiol Behav. 2009, 97 (5): 537-550. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.02.044]
PubMed Central
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kennedy SE, Koeppe RA, Young EA, Zubieta JK: Dysregulation of endogenous opioid emotion regulation circuitry in major depression in women. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006, 63 (11): 1199-1208. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.63.11.1199]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Garriock HA, Tanowitz M, Kraft JB, Dang VC, Peters EJ, Jenkins GD, Reinalda MS, McGrath PJ, von Zastrow M, Slager SL, Hamilton SP: Association of mu-opioid receptor variants and response to citalopram treatment in major depressive disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2010, 167 (5): 565-573. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.08081167]
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Grant BF: Comorbidity between DSM-IV drug use disorders and major depression: results of a national survey of adults. J Subst Abuse. 1995, 7 (4): 481-497.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Swendsen J, Conway KP, Degenhardt L, Glantz M, Jin R, Merikangas KR, Sampson N, Kessler RC: Mental disorders as risk factors for substance use, abuse and dependence: results from the 10-year follow-up of the National Comorbidity Survey. Addiction. 2010, 105 (6): 1117-1128. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.02902.x]
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Samuels ER, Hou RH, Langley RW, Szabadi E, Bradshaw CM: Comparison of pramipexole and amisulpride on alertness, autonomic and endocrine functions in healthy volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2006, 187 (4): 498-510. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-006-0443-y]
CAS
Google Scholar
Samuels ER, Hou RH, Langley RW, Szabadi E, Bradshaw CM: Comparison of pramipexole and modafinil on arousal, autonomic, and endocrine functions in healthy volunteers. J Psychopharmacol. 2006, 20 (6): 756-770. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881106060770]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Samuels ER, Hou RH, Langley RW, Szabadi E, Bradshaw CM: Comparison of pramipexole with and without domperidone co-administration on alertness, autonomic, and endocrine functions in healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2007, 64 (5): 591-602. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2007.02938.x]
PubMed Central
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Frank MJ, O’Reilly RC: A mechanistic account of striatal dopamine function in human cognition: psychopharmacological studies with cabergoline and haloperidol. Behav Neurosci. 2006, 120 (3): 497-517. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0735-7044.120.3.497]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Grace AA: Phasic versus tonic dopamine release and the modulation of dopamine system responsivity: a hypothesis for the etiology of schizophrenia. Neuroscience. 1991, 41: 1-24.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cooper J, Bloom F, Roth R: The Biochemical Basis of Neuropharmacology. 2003, USA: Oxford University Press
Google Scholar
Baudry M, Martres MP, Schwartz JC: In vivo binding of 3H-pimozide in mouse striatum: effects of dopamine agonists and antagonists. Life Sci. 1977, 21 (8): 1163-1170.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Fuller RW, Clemens JA, Hynes MD: Degree of selectivity of pergolide as an agonist at presynaptic versus postsynaptic dopamine receptors implications for prevention or treatment of tardive dyskinesia. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1982, 2 (6): 371-375.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tissari AH, Rossetti ZL, Meloni M, Frau MI, Gessa GL: Autoreceptors mediate the inhibition of dopamine synthesis by bromocriptine and lisuride in rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 1983, 91 (4): 463-468.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sumners C, de Vries JB, Horn AS: Behavioural and neurochemical studies on apomorphine-induced hypomotility in mice. Neuropharmacology. 1981, 20 (12A): 1203-1208.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schmitz Y, Benoit-Marand M, Gonon F, Sulzer D: Presynaptic regulation of dopaminergic neurotransmission. J Neurochem. 2003, 87 (2): 273-289.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Piercey MF, Hoffmann WE, Smith MW, Hyslop DK: Inhibition of dopamine neuron firing by pramipexole, a dopamine D3 receptor-preferring agonist comparison to other dopamine receptor agonists. Eur J Pharmacol. 1996, 312: 35-44.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chowdhury R, Guitart-Masip M, Dayan P, Huys QJM, Düzel E, Dolan RJ, Lambert: Dopamine restores reward prediction errors in older age. Nat Neurosci. 2013, in press
Google Scholar
Tremblay LK, Naranjo CA, Cardenas L, Herrmann N, Busto UE: Probing brain reward system function in major depressive disorder: altered response to dextroamphetamine. Arch Gen Psych. 2002, 59 (5): 209-215.
Google Scholar
Berton O, Nestler EJ: New approaches to antidepressant drug discovery: beyond monoamines. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2006, 7 (2): 137-151. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn1846]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Krishnan V, Han MH, Graham DL, Berton O, Renthal W, Russo SJ, Laplant Q, Graham A, Lutter M, Lagace DC, Ghose S, Reister R, Tannous P, Green TA, Neve RL, Chakravarty S, Kumar A, Eisch AJ, Self DW, Lee FS, Tamminga CA, Cooper DC, Gershenfeld HK, Nestler EJ: Molecular adaptations underlying susceptibility and resistance to social defeat in brain reward regions. Cell. 2007, 131 (2): 391-404. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2007.09.018]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vialou V, Robison AJ, Laplant QC, Covington HE, Dietz DM, Ohnishi YN, Mouzon E, Rush AJ, Watts EL, Wallace DL, Iñiguez SD, Ohnishi YH, Steiner MA, Warren BL, Krishnan V, BolaÃśos CA, Neve RL, Ghose S, Berton O, Tamminga CA, Nestler EJ: DeltaFosB in brain reward circuits mediates resilience to stress and antidepressant responses. Nat Neurosci. 2010, 13 (6): 745-752. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn.2551]
PubMed Central
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pitchot W, Hansenne M, Ansseau M: Role of dopamine in non-depressed patients with a history of suicide attempts. Eur Psychiatry. 2001, 16 (7): 424-427.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pitchot W, Reggers J, Pinto E, Hansenne M, Fuchs S, Pirard S, Ansseau M: Reduced dopaminergic activity in depressed suicides. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2001, 26 (3): 331-335.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tandberg E, Larsen JP, Aarsland D, Cummings JL: The occurrence of depression in Parkinson’s disease. A community-based study. Arch Neurol. 1996, 53 (2): 175-179.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gelder M, Harrison P, Cowen P: Shorter Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry. 2006, Oxford: Oxford University Press
Google Scholar
Floresco SB, West AR, Ash B, Moore H, Grace AA: Afferent modulation of dopamine neuron firing differentially regulates tonic and phasic dopamine transmission. Nat Neurosci. 2003, 6 (9): 968-973. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn1103]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Goto Y, Grace AA: Dopaminergic modulation of limbic and cortical drive of nucleus accumbens in goal-directed behavior. Nat Neurosci. 2005, 8 (6): 805-812. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn1471]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Salamone JD, Correa M, Farrar AM, Nunes EJ, Pardo M: Dopamine behavioral economics, and effort. Front Behav Neurosci. 2009, 3 (13): [http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/neuro.08.013.2009]
Google Scholar
Niv Y, Daw ND, Joel D, Dayan P: Tonic dopamine: opportunity costs and the control of response vigor. Psychopharmacol(Berl). 2007, 191 (3): 507-520. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-006-0502-4]
CAS
Google Scholar
Gard D, Gard M, Kring A, John O: Anticipatory and consummatory components of the experience of pleasure: a scale development study. J Res Pers. 2006, 40 (6): 1086-1102.
Google Scholar
Satoh T, Nakai S, Sato T, Kimura M: Correlated coding of motivation and outcome of decision by dopamine neurons. J Neurosci. 2003, 23 (30): 9913-9923.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Guitart-Masip M, Fuentemilla L, Bach DR, Huys QJM, Dayan P, Dolan RJ, Duzel E: Action dominates valence in anticipatory representations in the human striatum and dopaminergic midbrain. J Neurosci. 2011, 31 (21): 7867-7875. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.6376-10.2011]
PubMed Central
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Parkinson JA, Olmstead MC, Burns LH, Robbins TW, Everitt BJ: Dissociation in effects of lesions of the nucleus accumbens core and shell on appetitive pavlovian approach behavior and the potentiation of conditioned reinforcement and locomotor activity by D-amphetamine. J Neurosci. 1999, 19 (6): 2401-2411.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dickinson A, Smith J, Mirenowicz J: Dissociation of Pavlovian and instrumental incentive learning under dopamine antagonists. Behav Neurosci. 2000, 114 (3): 468-483.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Parkinson JA, Dalley JW, Cardinal RN, Bamford A, Fehnert B, Lachenal G, Rudarakanchana N, Halkerston KM, Robbins TW, Everitt BJ: Nucleus accumbens dopamine depletion impairs both acquisition and performance of appetitive Pavlovian approach behaviour: implications for mesoaccumbens dopamine function. Behav Brain Res. 2002, 137 (1-2): 149-163.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Di Ciano P, Cardinal RN, Cowell RA, Little SJ, Everitt BJ: Differential involvement of NMDA, AMPA/kainate, and dopamine receptors in the nucleus accumbens core in the acquisition and performance of pavlovian approach behavior. J Neurosci. 2001, 21 (23): 9471-9477.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Murschall A, Hauber W: Inactivation of the ventral tegmental area abolished the general excitatory influence of Pavlovian cues on instrumental performance. Learn Mem. 2006, 13 (2): 123-126. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/lm.127106]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lex B, Hauber W: The role of nucleus accumbens dopamine in outcome encoding in instrumental and Pavlovian conditioning. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2010, 93 (2): 283-290. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2009.11.002]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sasaki-Adams DM, Kelley AE: Serotonin-Dopamine interactions in the control of conditioned reinforcement and motor behaviour. Neuropsychopharm. 2001, 25 (3): 440-452.
CAS
Google Scholar
Iiguez SD, Warren BL, Bolaos-Guzmn CA: Short- and long-term functional consequences of fluoxetine exposure during adolescence in male rats. Biol Psychiatry. 2010, 67 (11): 1057-1066. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.12.033]
Google Scholar
Flagel SB, Clark JJ, Robinson TE, Mayo L, Czuj A, Willuhn I, Akers CA, Clinton SM, Phillips PEM, Akil H: A selective role for dopamine in stimulus-reward learning. Nature. 2011, 469 (7328): 53-57. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature09588]
PubMed Central
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Elliott R, Sahakian BJ, Michael A, Paykel ES, Dolan RJ: Abnormal neural response to feedback on planning and guessing tasks in patients with unipolar depression. Psychol Med. 1998, 28 (3): 559-71.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Steele JD, Meyer M, Ebmeier KP: Neural predictive error signal correlates with depressive illness severity in a game paradigm. Neuroimage. 2004, 23: 269-2680.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Knutson B, Bhanji JP, Cooney RE, Atlas LY, Gotlib IH: Neural responses to monetary incentives in major depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2008, 63 (7): 686-692. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.07.023]
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kumar P, Waiter G, Ahearn T, Milders M, Reid I, Steele JD: Abnormal temporal difference reward-learning signals in major depression. Brain. 2008, 131 (Pt 8): 2084-2093. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awn136]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pizzagalli DA, Holmes AJ, Dillon DG, Goetz EL, Birk JL, Bogdan R, Dougherty DD, Iosifescu DV, Rauch SL, Fava M: Reduced caudate and nucleus accumbens response to rewards in unmedicated individuals with major depressive disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2009, 166 (6): 702-710. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08081201]
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Smoski MJ, Felder J, Bizzell J, Green SR, Ernst M, Lynch TR, Dichter GS: fMRI of alterations in reward selection, anticipation, and feedback in major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord. 2009, 118 (1-3): 69-78. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2009.01.034]
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dempster A, Laird N, Rubin D: Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the EM algorithm. J Royal Stat Soc Series B (Methodological). 1977, 39: 1-38.
Google Scholar
Sahani M, Linden JF: How linear are auditory cortical responses?. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, Volume 15. Edited by: Becker S, Thrun S, Obermayer K. 2003, Cambridge: MIT Press, 109-116.
Google Scholar
Dickinson A, Balleine B: The role of learning in the operation of motivational systems. Stevens’ Handbook of Experimental Psychology, Volume 3. Edited by: Gallistel R. 2002, New York: Wiley, 497-534.
Google Scholar
Daw ND, Niv Y, Dayan P: Uncertainty-based competition between prefrontal and dorsolateral striatal systems for behavioral control. Nat Neurosci. 2005, 8 (12): 1704-1711. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn1560]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sutton R: Integrated architectures for learning, planning, and reacting based on approximating dynamic programming. Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Machine Learning, Volume 216. 1990, , 224-224.
Google Scholar
Dayan P, Kakade S, Montague PR: Learning and selective attention. Nat Neurosci. 2000, 3 Suppl: 1218-1223. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/81504]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Behrens TEJ, Woolrich MW, Walton ME, Rushworth MFS: Learning the value of information in an uncertain world. Nat Neurosci. 2007, 10 (9): 1214-1221. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn1954]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Baxter MG, Chiba AA: Cognitive functions of the basal forebrain. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 1999, 9 (2): 178-183.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yu AJ, Dayan P: Uncertainty, neuromodulation, and attention. Neuron. 2005, 46 (4): 681-692. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2005.04.026]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hasselmo: Neuromodulation: acetylcholine and memory consolidation. Trends Cogn Sci. 1999, 3 (9): 351-359.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Aston-Jones G, Cohen JD: Adaptive gain and the role of the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system in optimal performance. J Comp Neurol. 2005, 493: 99-110. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.20723]
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bylsma LM, Taylor-Clift A, Rottenberg J: Emotional reactivity to daily events in major and minor depression. J Abnorm Psychol. 2011, 120: 155-167. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0021662]
PubMed
Google Scholar
Haeffel GJ, Abramson LY, Brazy PC, Shah JY, Teachman BA, Nosek BA: Explicit and implicit cognition: a preliminary test of a dual-process theory of cognitive vulnerability to depression. Behav Res Ther. 2007, 45 (6): 1155-1167. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2006.09.003]
PubMed
Google Scholar
Eshel N, Roiser JP: Reward and punishment processing in depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2010, 68 (2): 118-124. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.01.027]
PubMed
Google Scholar