Table 3 Paired comparisons between healthy controls (HC, n = 24), family history negative healthy participants (FHN, n = 14), family history positive healthy participants (FHP, n = 10) and patients with major depressive disorder (MDD, n = 14)

F > N

MDD < HC

Left middle cingulum

0.041 (cluster corr.)

71

3.82

< 0.001

-15

-28

37

Left insula

0.072

8

4.19

< 0.001

-27

29

7

MDD < FHN

Left insula

< 0.033

11

4.43

< 0.001

-27

29

7

Left post-central gyrus

ns

29

3.59

< 0.001

-27

-28

37

MDD > FHN

-

ns

-

-

ns

-

-

-

MDD < FHP

-

ns

-

-

ns

-

-

-

MDD > FHP

-

ns

-

-

ns

-

-

-

FHP > FHN

Right Heschl's gyrus

0.018

17

4.60

< 0.001

51

-28

13

FHP < FHN

-

ns

-

-

ns

-

-

-

F < N

FHP < FHN

Right Heschl's gyrus

0.002

26

5.22

< 0.001

51

-28

13

MDD < FHP

-

ns

-

-

ns

-

-

-

MDD > FHP

-

ns

-

-

ns

-

-

-