From: Facial emotion processing in major depression: a systematic review of neuroimaging findings
Brain region | BA | Sad > Baseline | Fear > Baseline | Angry > Baseline | Happy > Baseline | Disgust > Baseline | Author/year | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Limbic lobe | Â | |||||||
Amygdala |  | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2004 | [32] |
Amygdala |  |  | ↑ | ↑ |  |  | Peluso et al. 2009 | [35] |
Amygdala |  |  | ↑a |  | ↑a |  | Sheline et al. 2001 | [34] |
Amygdala |  | ↑ |  |  | ↓ |  | Suslow et al. 2010 | [30] |
Amygdala |  | ↑ |  |  | ↓ |  | Victor et al. 2010 | [29] |
Amygdala |  |  | ↑ | ↑ |  |  | Zhong et al. 2011 | [36] |
Extended amygdala |  |  | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ |  | Matthews et al. 2008 | [28] |
Amygdala/hippocampus |  | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2008 | [33] |
PHG/amygdala |  | ↑b |  |  |  |  | Surguladze et al. 2005 | [31] |
Amygdala/hippocampus |  |  | ↓ |  |  |  | Lawrence et al. 2004 | [37] |
Hippocampus |  | ↓ |  |  |  |  | Lee et al. 2008 | [38] |
Extended limbic system | Â | |||||||
Insula |  | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2004 | [32] |
Insula | 13 |  |  |  | ↓ |  | Gotlib et al. 2005 | [45] |
Insula |  | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Keedwell et al. 2005 | [42] |
Insula |  |  |  |  |  | ↑ | Surguladze et al. 2010 | [39] |
Insula | 13 |  | ↑ | ↑ |  |  | Zhong et al. 2011 | [36] |
Insula |  | ↓ | ↓ |  |  |  | Townsend et al. 2010 | [40] |
Insula/PHG |  | ↑ |  |  | ↓ |  | Suslow et al. 2010 | [30] |
PHG |  | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2008 | [33] |
PHG/globus pallidus/anterior thalamus |  |  | ↓ |  | ↓ |  | Lawrence et al. 2004 | [37] |
Thalamus |  | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2004 | [32] |
Striatum | Â | |||||||
Putamen |  | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2008 | [33] |
Putamen |  | ↑b |  |  | ↓b |  | Surguladze et al. 2005 | [31] |
Putamen |  | ↓ | ↓ |  |  |  | Townsend et al. 2010 | [40] |
Putamen/globus pallidus |  | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2004 | [32] |
Uncus/amygdala/caudate/putamen |  |  |  |  | ↓ |  | Lawrence et al. 2004 | [37] |
Caudate |  | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2004 | [32] |
Caudate |  | ↓ |  |  |  |  | Lee et al. 2008 | [38] |
Caudate |  | ↑ |  | ↑ |  |  | Scheuerecker et al. 2010 | [41] |
Frontal lobe | Â | |||||||
Motor cortex | Â | |||||||
Premotor cortex | 6 | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2004 | [32] |
Middle frontal gyrus | 6 | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2008 | [33] |
SMA |  | ↑ |  | ↑ |  |  | Scheuerecker et al. 2010 | [41] |
Precentral gyrus | 4 | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2004 | [32] |
Precentral gyrus | 4 | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2008 | [33] |
Precentral gyrus | 4 |  |  |  | ↑ |  | Keedwell et al. 2005 | [42] |
Precentral gyrus | 4,6 |  |  |  | ↓ |  | Keedwell et al. 2005 | [42] |
Precentral gyrus |  | ↑ |  | ↑ |  |  | Scheuerecker et al. 2010 | [41] |
Postcentral gyrus | 1, 2, 3 | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2004 | [32] |
Postcentral gyrus |  | ↑ |  | ↑ |  |  | Frodl et al. 2009 | [43] |
Postcentral gyrus | 2 | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Keedwell et al. 2005 | [42] |
DLPFC | Â | |||||||
DLPFC | 44, 45, 9 | ↓ | ↓ |  | ↓ |  | Lawrence et al. 2004 | [37] |
DLPFC | 9 | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Keedwell et al. 2005 | [42] |
Superior frontal gyrus |  | ↑a |  | ↑ |  |  | Frodl et al. 2009 | [43] |
Superior frontal gyrus | 8 |  |  |  | ↑ |  | Gotlib et al. 2005 | [45] |
Superior frontal gyrus | 8 | ↓ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2008 | [33] |
Superior frontal gyrus | 8 |  | ↓ | ↓ |  |  | Zhong et al. 2011 | [36] |
Middle frontal gyrus |  | ↑a |  | ↑ |  |  | Frodl et al. 2009 | [43] |
Middle frontal gyrus |  | ↑ |  |  | ↓ |  | Suslow et al. 2010 | [30] |
Middle frontal gyrus | 8 | ↓ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2008 | [33] |
Middle frontal gyrus | 8 | ↓ |  |  |  |  | Keedwell et al. 2005 | [42] |
VLPFC | Â | |||||||
VLPFC | 10, 47, 45, 46 |  |  |  | ↓ |  | Lawrence et al. 2004 | [37] |
VLPFC | 11 |  |  |  | ↑ |  | Gotlib et al. 2005 | [45] |
VLPFC | 10/47 | ↓ |  |  |  |  | Keedwell et al. 2005 | [42] |
Middle frontal gyrus | 10/47 |  |  |  | ↑ |  | Keedwell et al. 2005 | [42] |
Middle frontal gyrus |  | ↑ |  | ↑ |  |  | Scheuerecker et al. 2010 | [41] |
Cingulum | Â | |||||||
Anterior cingulum | 32 | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2004 | [32] |
Anterior cingulum | 24/32 | ↓ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2008 | [33] |
Anterior cingulum | 25 |  | ↓ | ↓ |  |  | Zhong et al. 2011 | [36] |
Sg anterior cingulum | 25 | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Gotlib et al. 2005 | [45] |
Sg anterior cingulum | 24/32 |  |  |  | ↑a |  | Gotlib et al. 2005 | [45] |
Anterior cingulum | 24 | ↓ |  |  |  |  | Lawrence et al. 2004 | [37] |
Middle cingulum | 23/24 | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2004 | [32] |
Middle cingulum | 33/24, 32/24 | ↓ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2008 | [33] |
Middle cingulum |  | ↑a |  | ↑ |  |  | Frodl et al. 2009 | [43] |
Middle cingulum | 23 |  |  |  | ↑ |  | Keedwell et al. 2005 | [42] |
Posterior cingulum | 23/31, 29/31 | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2004 | [32] |
Posterior cingulum | 31 | ↓ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2008 | [33] |
Posterior cingulum | 31 |  |  |  | ↓ |  | Fu et al. 2007 | [63] |
Posterior cingulum | 31 | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Keedwell et al. 2005 | [42] |
Medial PFC | Â | |||||||
Inferior frontal gyrus | 47 | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Gotlib et al. 2005 | [45] |
Inferior frontal gyrus | 47/45 | ↓ |  |  |  |  | Gotlib et al. 2005 | [45] |
Inferior frontal gyrus | 45 | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Keedwell et al. 2005 | [42] |
Inferior frontal gyrus | 47 |  | ↓ | ↓ |  |  | Zhong et al. 2011 | [36] |
Medial PFC | 10, 11, 47 |  | ↓ |  |  |  | Lawrence et al. 2004 | [37] |
DMPFC | 8 |  |  |  | ↑ |  | Keedwell et al. 2005 | [42] |
VMPFC | 10/32 |  |  |  | ↑ |  | Keedwell et al. 2005 | [42] |
Orbitofrontal cortex | Â | |||||||
Orbitofrontal cortex | 47 |  |  |  |  | ↑ | Surguladze et al. 2010 | [39] |
Orbitofrontal cortex | 11 | ↓ |  |  |  |  | Lawrence et al. 2004 | [37] |
Orbitofrontal cortex | 11 | ↓ |  |  |  |  | Keedwell et al. 2005 | [42] |
Orbitofrontal cortex |  | ↓ |  | ↓ |  |  | Lee et al. 2008 | [38] |
Orbitofrontal cortex |  | ↓ |  | ↓ |  |  | Lee et al. 2008 | [38] |
Temporal lobe | Â | |||||||
Middle temporal gyrus | 21 | ↓ |  |  |  |  | Gotlib et al. 2005 | [45] |
Middle temporal gyrus | 21/22 |  |  |  | ↓ |  | Keedwell et al. 2005 | [42] |
Middle temporal gyrus | 21 |  |  |  |  | ↑ | Surguladze et al. 2010 | [39] |
Middle temporal gyrus |  | ↑ |  |  | ↓ |  | Suslow et al. 2010 | [30] |
Middle temporal gyrus/inferior temporal gyrus |  | ↑ |  |  | ↓ |  | Suslow et al. 2010 | [30] |
Middle temporal gyrus | 21, 37 | ↓ |  |  |  | Townsend et al. 2010 | [40] | |
Inferior temporal gyrus | 20 |  |  |  | ↓ |  | Gotlib et al. 2005 | [45] |
Inferior temporal gyrus | 37 |  |  |  |  | ↑ | Surguladze et al. 2010 | [39] |
Inferior temporal gyrus | 20 | ↓ |  |  |  | Townsend et al. 2010 | [40] | |
Superior temporal gyrus | 42 | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2008 | [33] |
Superior temporal gyrus | 42 | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Keedwell et al. 2005 | [42] |
Fusiform gyrus | 37 | ↓ |  |  |  |  | Fu et al. 2008 | [33] |
Fusiform gyrus | 20 | ↑ |  |  |  |  | Keedwell et al. 2005 | [42] |
Fusiform gyrus | 19 | ↑b |  |  | ↓b |  | Surguladze et al. 2005 | [31] |
Fusiform gyrus |  | ↑ |  |  | ↓ |  | Suslow et al. 2010 | [30] |